An appraisal of access to healthcare as a fundamental human right in Doma, Nasarawa State.
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Background of the Study:
Access to healthcare is universally recognized as a fundamental human right, as outlined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948), the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights (1981), and the Nigerian Constitution (1999). However, despite these legal frameworks, access to healthcare remains a significant challenge in many parts of Nigeria, particularly in rural areas like Doma in Nasarawa State. Doma, with its largely agrarian community, faces difficulties in ensuring adequate healthcare access for its residents. These challenges are exacerbated by poor infrastructure, lack of medical personnel, inadequate funding, and limited awareness of healthcare rights among the population (Abdullah & Ibrahim, 2023).
In Doma, many individuals, particularly those in remote areas, lack access to essential health services such as maternal healthcare, immunizations, and treatment for communicable diseases. Public health facilities are often underfunded and understaffed, leaving citizens with limited options for obtaining quality care. Private healthcare services, where available, are often unaffordable for the majority of the population. This study seeks to assess the extent to which healthcare is considered a fundamental human right in Doma and the challenges faced by residents in accessing quality healthcare.
Statement of the Problem:
Access to healthcare in Doma, Nasarawa State, is hindered by various factors, including a lack of adequate healthcare infrastructure, scarcity of skilled medical professionals, and poor government investment in the health sector. These challenges undermine the realization of the right to healthcare for the people of Doma, resulting in poor health outcomes, especially among vulnerable groups like women and children. While Nigeria has made commitments to uphold healthcare as a fundamental human right, the local implementation of these rights in Doma remains a significant concern, requiring a closer evaluation to understand the barriers and potential solutions.
Objectives of the Study:
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To evaluate the accessibility of healthcare services in Doma, Nasarawa State.
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To assess the role of the government in ensuring access to healthcare as a fundamental human right in Doma.
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To identify the challenges faced by residents of Doma in accessing healthcare and recommend solutions for improvement.
Research Questions:
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To what extent are healthcare services accessible to residents of Doma, Nasarawa State?
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How does the government of Nasarawa State support or hinder access to healthcare as a fundamental human right in Doma?
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What are the key challenges residents of Doma face in accessing healthcare services?
Research Hypotheses:
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There is a significant relationship between the accessibility of healthcare services and the health outcomes of residents in Doma, Nasarawa State.
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Government policies and investments in healthcare infrastructure in Doma significantly influence access to healthcare.
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Lack of awareness and inadequate healthcare infrastructure are major barriers to accessing healthcare in Doma.
Scope and Limitations of the Study:
This study will focus on healthcare access in Doma, Nasarawa State, exploring both public and private healthcare options and the role of government policies. Data will be collected through surveys, interviews with healthcare providers, and focus group discussions with residents. Limitations may include the reluctance of individuals to openly discuss their healthcare experiences due to social stigma or fear of retaliation.
Definitions of Terms:
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Healthcare as a Fundamental Human Right: The entitlement of every individual to have access to the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health without discrimination.
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Healthcare Access: The ability of individuals to obtain necessary medical services, which can be influenced by factors such as distance, cost, availability, and quality of care.
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Public Health Facilities: Government-funded and managed healthcare centers that provide medical services to the population, usually at lower costs or for free.
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